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Government CIO Outlook | Wednesday, September 08, 2021
Effective digital contact tracing is critical to control the pandemic and any future outbreaks.
Fremont, CA: Pandemics like COVID-19 have been known to return in some form or another in the past. The most significant problem to managing them is their inherent features of evolving and spreading swiftly across vast populations. Vaccines help prevent the spread of disease, but they require time to develop. Effective contact tracing is critical in this situation. Fortunately, technical solutions are now available to ensure that contact tracing is quick and successful.
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Contact tracing in its original form is a time-consuming and labor-intensive method that relies on interviews and inquiry. However, currently available technologies can help by minimizing the reliance on a person's capacity to recall all of the people they encountered in the past two weeks. It is feasible to enable the track-and-trace option in intelligent devices such as smartphones, smartwatches, and smart bands in the linked world, where people carry smart gadgets everywhere.
Some technologies enabling digital contact tracing for safety in a pandemic are:
Bluetooth proximity tracing
This is the most often utilized technology for this purpose. Bluetooth Low Energy is employed here to trace the interactions between two smart devices while keeping the identifiers of surrounding devices anonymous. Based on the locally kept contact history log in an app, an alarm notification is sent to other recognized users as soon as the person is identified. Google and Apple have both used this method in their contact-tracking apps.
Location tracing
Cellular triangulation of network towers or GNSS incorporated in smart gadgets can be used to track location. The advantage of network tower-based tracking is that it eliminates the requirement to download an app. However, it raises issues about privacy.
GEO-QR code tracking
To track location, cellular triangulation of network towers or GNSS embedded in smart devices can be employed. The benefit of network tower-based tracking is that it does not require the installation of an app. However, it creates privacy concerns.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound signals are emitted by cellphones, which are intercepted by other smartphones. NOVID and SONAR-X are two digital contact tracing apps that use ultrasound to provide sub-meter contact tracking capabilities.
Enabling contact tracing solutions via smartphones and smart wearables and retaining people's privacy is critical for correctly identifying and tracing infected persons and saving lives in future outbreaks.
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